Cylinder heads and blocks

Measurement of roundness and surface finish of prismatic components such as cylinder heads and blocks can pose a problem for traditional measurement instruments. Checking alignment and concentricity of long narrow bores such as cam and crankbores or measuring the angle of valve guides with respect to valve bores can all be achieved with the right instrument.

Concentricity of valve guides to valve seats, alignment of Cam and Crank bores, or cylindricity and straightness of cylinder liners along with other geometrical tolerances can all be assessed utilising Taylor Hobson's range of roundness measuring instruments. 

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Whether the surface is ground, turned, milled, plateau honed etc or whether its form is radial, angled, straight. The many different types of surface associated with engine blocks and heads warrant equipment with high versatility to cover all aspects of analysis. 
 

Pistons, pins and rings

There are many stresses and strains exerted on a piston during its use all causing some form of distortion. Piston designers attempt to predict this distortion by manufacturing the piston to allow for these effects. Because of the shape of the piston normal geometrical analysis such as cylindricity, roundness and straightness are not enough on their own to define the shape of the piston. Taylor Hobson's long association with Piston manufacturers have enabled measurement solutions.

Radial and axial form of pistons, high precision cylindricity of gudgeon/wrist pins or even thickness variation and form of piston grooves can be assessed utilising Taylor Hobson's range of roundness measuring instruments

When looking at wear or friction qualities of piston rings and pins or sealing faces of ring grooves Taylor Hobson surface finish range of instruments.

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Piston Software

All of Taylor Hobson roundness instruments capable of straightness measurement can provide measurement of the geometrical form of a piston.Piston software can then provide analysis of the radial and axial shape of the piston and compare this to the design data. Results output provides both tolerancing and feedback to the machining process. Alignment of the gudgeon/wrist pin bore to the piston major and minor axis is also possible via a dumbbell or optical trigger device.
 

Fuel injectors

Ever increasing demands on vehicle fuel emissions mean tighter tolerances on components such as fuel injector systems, tighter toleranced components require higher accuracy instruments. Sub micron roundness measurement combined with high accuracy and low noise surface finish measurement are essential features for measurement of common rail components.

Roundness and run-out of injector seating faces can be measured down to sub micron accuracies with a high degree of confidence helping to control the stringent processes required to produce injectors. 

Whether the component form is radial, angled or straight Taylor Hobson range of surface instruments can measure both form and surface finish in a single pass covering all aspects of analysis. 

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The increasing demand on vehicle fuel emissions mean tighter tolerances on both the geometric form and surface finish of the fuel injector system and its associated components. Of critical importance are the concentricity's of the seating face of both the pin and valve body in relation to their respective axes. For example the valve pin shaft fits with high precision into the valve body, the cylindricity of this shaft is critical as is the concentricity of its seating face to the shaft body, any errors in either would cause the pin to seat incorrectly in the valve body, this would result in bad fuel control and flow rate. To prevent this scenario measurements need to be made on high precision roundness systems such as that of the Talyrond 395. This instrument has high accuracy datums with extremely accurate position control and the ability to automate the centering process to less than 0.2um making this one of the most accurate measurement systems available.
 

Panels and fascia

Matching paint to individual elements of a car body or its internal fascia can be a difficult task often hindered by the changes in texture of those elements. For example the air bag panel of a car dashboard needs to match the colour of the panel itself, although the pigment of the two may be the same they will appear very different if their textures are different.
In many instances single trace surface finish may be adequate to control production but in this case a three dimensional image of the surface texture can ensure identical textures and help control cosmetic appearance.

By taking a number of traces across a component a three dimensional image of its surface can be extracted. This helps to predict the functional behaviour of a component and enables control of the manufacturing process. 

On a painted surface too many peaks of a certain amplitude will effect the finish, however for paint to adhere to the surface of a car body a certain amount of peaks are required. There are many ways to control these factors and others.

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Talymap Software

Today vehicle manufacturers put a lot of effort in specifying interior design,Interior trim is typically manufactured using textured sheets of PVC moulded into shape with a Polyurethane backing.

The uniformity and shape of the texture on the PVC sheet is critical to achieving good moulded components. Uniformity of grain structure, Grain size, Grain height above bonding substrate, Peak count of grains below particular threshold value and many other geometrical structures can be analysed using Taylor Hobson's powerful Talymap Topographical analysis software.
 

Wheel drum and brake disk

Controlling vibration in a wheel bearing or disk brake by eliminating lobing and chatter in the machining process or trying to ensure a brake pad has the necessary friction qualities to function correctly are all simple tasks with the correct equipment.

Critical to the function of a rotating component are its shape and form, unwanted lobing or chatter on the flat area of a brake disk or on a wheel bearing will effect performance. The Taylor Hobson range of Talyronds can detect and help eliminate unwanted defects as detailed in the Talyrond links below. Critical features on a brake pad are its ability to provide the necessary friction when brakes are applied, alternatively too much friction may be detrimental. Taylor Hobson provide surface finish instruments to help predict the correct function of a component.

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Wheel bearings, drums and brake

Although a relatively simple component the brake disk has many features that require tight control. The disk faces should be parallel to one another and in turn parallel to the wheel face mount as well as having no extreme changes in thickness variation. Brake surfaces should also be flat and square to the axis of the disk's rotation to a specified tolerance.

As well as the flatness there should be no localised elements of lobing or chatter or thickness deviations in segmented areas of the disk surface that effect the overall brake function. All of the above can be controlled by combining Taylor Hobson's Talyrond roundness measuring instruments with our Disk Brake Variation Software.
 

Camshaft and crankshafts

Powerful measurement and analysis tools allow measurement of many features including the alignment and harmonic content of bearings and pins, parallelism of pins to mains, fillet radii, oil hole wash-out, bearing ratio and many other features. Taylor Hobson have a long association with cam and crankshaft manufacturers, the versatility and geometry of the Talyrond and Form Talysurf range of instruments allow selection of these instruments to suit your needs.

Depending on the size and weight of the cam or crankshaft there are a number of options based around our medium to large scale roundness instruments these being the Talyrond 365, Talyrond 385 and Talyrond 440 instruments.

For conventional surface finish instruments access to surface features on crankshafts and camshafts can be a problem, not so for the Form Talysurf range of surface Instruments. Inspection of pins and bearings for surface finish or measurement of fillet radii can be evaluated for both dimension. 

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Wash-out

The wash-out on an oil hole on a crankshaft main bearing is crucial for ensuring the smooth flow of oil about the bearing. Also the oil seal of a crankshaft should not have any spiralling marks that cause oil flow to travel in a single direction. Both wash-out and spiralling can be quantified by taking combined straightness traces taken at incremented angular positions on a Talyrond roundness instrument, the resultant traces can be combined to give a three dimensional image of the surface.

Three dimensional analysis can give a clearer insight than conventional measurement and allow the inspector to quantify defects or desirable elements in a components form or surface texture.
 

Connecting rods

Probably the most stressed part of the engine under constant high load and subject to continuous changing forces the connecting rod plays no small part in an engines cycle. With the small end connected to the piston wrist/gudgeon pin and the big end connected to the crankshaft both the geometrical alignment and the surface quality and roundness of its bearings are critical to good performance.

Critical to the function of any rotating component particularly at high speed are its shape and form, unwanted lobing, chatter on a conrods bearings or misalignment will effect performance. The Taylor Hobson range of Talyronds can detect and help with the subsequent elimination of any unwanted. 

For conventional surface finish instruments access to surface features on crankshafts and camshafts can be a problem, not so for the Form Talysurf range of surface Instruments. Inspection of pins and bearings for surface finish or measurement of fillet radii can be evaluated for both dimension. 

 

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Measurement of surface finish allows the user to predict the bearing qualities of the conrods small and big-end or allow evaluation after use to check for wear or other defects caused during the engine life. 
 

Transmission

Taylor Hobson instruments provide the ability to control geometrical form, alignment and surface finish helping to increase reliability while reducing power loss, fatigue, noise and other undesirable effects. The versatility and geometry of the Talyrond and Talysurf instruments allow a wide range of solutions whatever the measurement problem.

The Talyrond range of instruments allow the measurement of geometrical form such as roundness, straightness, parallelism, run-out, taper, squareness and many other features necessary to control reliability and keep running efficiency to a maximum. 

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The Form Talysurf range of instruments play a major role in increasing reliability, reducing noise and eliminating fatigue by controlling surface finish characteristics. The ability to measure form such as the radii as well as detect defects are also features of this range of instruments.
 

 

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